The following is a detailed characterization and application analysis:

Basic structure of an equilateral prism
Geometry: the cross-section is an equilateral triangle with three sides of equal length and three interior angles of 60°.
Material: common optical glass (e.g. BK7, fused silica) or transparent plastic (e.g. acrylic), different materials affect the refractive index and dispersion properties.

What are the advantages of fused silica equilateral prisms?
Excellent Optical Properties
High transmittance: fused silica or crystal has high transmittance in the UV to NIR (170nm-2500nm) wavelength, especially suitable for UV optical systems.
Low chromatic dispersion: high Abbe number, low chromatic dispersion, reduced chromatic aberration, suitable for applications requiring broad spectrum or precise control of monochromatic light (e.g. laser systems, spectrometers).

Stable Physicochemical Properties
High temperature resistance: can withstand high temperatures (softening point of fused silica is about 1700°C), suitable for high temperature environments (e.g. laser processing, aerospace optics).
Corrosion resistance: resistant to acid, alkali and humid environment, more durable than ordinary optical glass.
Low coefficient of thermal expansion: excellent thermal stability, small deformation during temperature change, suitable for high-precision instruments (such as interferometers, astronomical telescopes).

Comparison of fused silica and other material prisms
Characteristic	Fused Silica Prism	Glass Prism	CaF2 Prism
Transmission Range	180nm – 2.5μm	350nm – 2μm	130nm – 8μm
UV Transmittance	Excellent	Poor	Good
Laser Induced Damage Threshold	High	Middling	Middling
Cost	Middling	Low	High